Do you like to drink
your energy?! In coffee or another form of intake? Well here is a very interesting
blog created by Lauren Manke for an assignment in Computer applications in
chemistry. Enjoy!
Feeling jittery? Got that
moody feeling to go away after that essential extra-large cup of coffee to get
you going this morning? Going for your 5th Red Bull today? How about
some unexplained weight gain? All of these questions end up pointing fingers at
one sacred stimulant: the no good, college student craving, jitter inducing cup
of caffeine. Sure, as college students a nice hardy goblet of the sacred fuel
is found almost vital to daily survival, but the side effects can be quite
daunting even for the most experienced consumer.
Caffeine is found in a variety
of foods and beverages ranging from chocolate to energy drinks to coffees and
teas. It is the additional compounds found within these caffeine containing
foods and beverages that cause an additional concern or less of a concern with
their consumption. Take coffees and teas for example. They contain a compound
called polyphenols which is actually seen to increase heart health due to
relaxation of blood vessels and their antioxidant properties (Ruxton, 2009). However,
this does not mean that you are in the clear to grab an extra-large cup of Joe.
In fact, the study of caffeine effects in both coffees and teas has proven to
be a bit difficult due the fact that they contain BOTH polyphenols and
caffeine.
In the end, it depends on the person. Studies
have shown that high coffee intakes do have an increased risk of hypertension
but this is only seen in a few studies (Ruxton, 2009). So, what does that even
mean for the caffeine dependent college student? Moderation and knowing your
limits is key. If caffeine does give you increased blood pressure at an
inconsistent and dangerous level, then cutting back might be a benefit to you.
Genetic differences cause issues in this idea of setting limits for caffeine
consumption.
We all metabolize caffeine differently with men being the fastest.
Therefore, the idea of knowing exactly how much a person should consume at a
max is a bit difficult as each person is different (Wolf, 2013). What about
those ever so popular energy drinks? Or even those sugary soft drink? Sugary
foods and beverages, such as soda and chocolate not only contain caffeine, but
also the dangerous little devils that are responsible for the infamous
“Freshman 15”: Calories! Hello unwanted weight gain! Tack that on to the
college student’s load of stress. Yet, students still crave these sugary
beverages and foods for the simple idea that they will keep them awake and
alert sufficiently enough to get them through the day.
This brings us to energy
drinks: another source of the sacred fuel. Lack of information to the FDA about
these energy drinks (such as “5-Hour Energy” bottles) leave us with difficulty
assessing these issues. The absence of caffeine content on the labels doesn’t
stop researchers from determining that these little bottles contain almost
seven times the amount of caffeine in an average cup of Joe (Wolf, 2013). No wonder
you are wide eyed awake after chugging one of these down. From a chemical stand
point, how does this affect us mentally?
Caffeine binds to adenosine receptor
proteins in the body that prevent adenosine from interacting with its natural receptors
causing it to limit its ability to regulate some nerve cell activity. Thus, we
see that dopamine is blocked and thus sleepiness is reduced. (Which is why you
can’t sleep after downing caffeine). But for college students needing to cram
for a test or an assignment, this is seen as beneficial. If dopamine and other
neurotransmitters cannot bind, their levels increase causing a flood of nerve
activity in the heart and brain. (Wolf, 2013).
Molecular Structures of
Caffeine and Adenosine
SOURCE: Sola, Nina. Molecule
of the Week:
Caffeine. Deerfield Academy.
2012. Deefield.edu.
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This, in turn, causes the
infamous increase in heart rate and blood pressure that is craved by caffeine consumers.
But how is this a “bad” thing? Don’t we want that “awake” feeling? After all,
it isn’t called a “Morning cup of Joe” for no reason. It is the after effects of this sacred fuel
that concerns researchers. Too much of it can actually cause anxiety,
irritation and even mental discomfort. Doesn’t this have college students
written all over it? Hmm, from a student stand point, doesn’t anxiety and
irritation make school work more difficult? And thus, the truth comes out! It
is a well- known fact that being able to pay sufficient attention in class and
concentrate on the material that is being presented to you is what leads to
increased success in classes. With caffeine as a contender in your everyday
life and your genetics playing against you, ask yourself, is the sacred fuel so
sacred after all?
Ruxton, Carrie. Health
Aspects of Caffeine: Benefits and Risks. Nursing
Standard. 2009, 24, 9, 41-48.
Wolf,
Lauren K. Caffeine Jitters. Chemical and
Engineering News. 2013, 91, 5,
9-12.
Written by Lauren Manke
Edited and posted by Sammy Freitag